They spend most of their lives going through a period of activity called being on the main sequence. The nebula from supernova remnant W49B, Their reduced size means that they burn at a The smallest stars fuse their hydrogen slowly and live for 100 billion years. It begins when nuclear fusion ignites in the stellar core. A star with a mass like the Sun, on the other hand, Red dwarfs include the smallest of the stars, weighing between 7.5% and 50% the mass of the sun. It ends when the star has exhausted the hydrogen needed to sustain that fusion and begins fusing heavier elements. Question 3 1 pts Which of the following statements about the main sequence stage in the life of a star is FALSE? Red Giant: Over the course of its life, a star is converting hydrogen into helium at its core. This stage is known as the 'main sequence'. How will the most massive stars of all end their lives? Massive stars transform into supernovae, neutron stars and black holes while average stars like the sun, end life as a white dwarf surrounded by a disappearing planetary nebula. Extremes of Stellar Luminosities, Diameters, and Densities We can use the HR diagram to explore the extremes in size, luminosity, and density found among the stars. Here's what the science has to say so far. Often, though, when we talk about stars' ages being related to their color we are talking about stars which are still on the "main sequence", since that's where they spend most of their lives. Their cores contract into tiny, hot stars called white dwarfs while the outer material drifts away. The most massive stars can burn out and explode in a supernova after only a few million years of fusion. Nuclear reactions at the centre (or core) of stars provides enough energy to make them shine brightly for many years. Throughout their lives, stars fight the inward pull of the force of gravity. Red dwarfs do not explode. This explosion is called a supernova. It is only the outward pressure created by the nuclear reactions pushing away from the star's core that keeps the star "intact". But these nuclear reactions require fuel, in particular hydrogen. All stars, irrespective of their size, follow the same 7 stage cycle, they start as a gas cloud and end as a star remnant. Stars are formed in clouds of gas and dust, known as nebulae. Less massive stars don't explode like this. Eventually the supply of hydrogen runs out and the star begins its demise. At the end of their lives, they become dimmer and dimmer. To understand a supernova, it's important to know a few things about stars. Because stars spend much less time in these later stages of their lives, we see fewer stars in those regions of the HR diagram. '. The largest stars have the shortest lives, and can last a few billion, and even just a few million years. Generally, the more massive the star, the faster it burns up its fuel supply, and the shorter its life. Most of the star's material is blown into the space, but the core implodes rapidly into a neutron star or a singularity known a s a black hole. Stars spend the majority of their lives fusing hydrogen, and when the hydrogen fuel is gone, stars fuse helium into carbon. Red dwarfs live longer than any other type of star. The more massive stars can fuse carbon into even heavier elements, which is where most of the heavy elements in the universe are made. When very heavy stars die, they explode.

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